January 25: Burns Night - Criminon Day - Tatiana Day

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January 25 is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 340 days remaining until the end of the year (341 in leap years).

Events

41 - After a night of negotiation, Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate.
1327 - Edward III becomes King of England.
1494 - Alfonso II becomes King of Naples.
1533 - Henry VIII of England secretly marries his second wife Anne Boleyn.
1554 - Founding of SÃ£o Paulo city, Brazil.
1573 - Battle of Mikatagahara, in Japan; Takeda Shingen defeats Tokugawa Ieyasu.
1755 - Moscow University established on Tatiana Day.
1787 - American Daniel Shays leads rebellion to seize Federal arsenal to protest debtor's prisons.
1791 - The British Parliament passes the Constitutional Act of 1791 and splits the old province of Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada.
1792 - The London Corresponding Society is founded.
1858 - The Wedding March by Felix Mendelssohn becomes a popular wedding recessional after it is played on this day at the marriage of Queen Victoria's daughter, Victoria, and Friedrich of Prussia.
1879 - The Bulgarian National Bank is founded.
1881 - Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell form the Oriental Telephone Company.
1890 - Nellie Bly completes her round-the-world journey in 72 days.
1909 - Richard Strauss' opera Elektra receives its debut performance at the Dresden State Opera.
1915 - Alexander Graham Bell inaugurates U.S. transcontinental telephone service.
1917 - The Danish West Indies is sold to the United States for $25 million.
1919 - The League of Nations is founded.
1924 - The 1924 Winter Olympics open in Chamonix, France (in the French Alps), inaugurating the Winter Olympic Games.
1937 - The Guiding Lightairs on radio for the first time. Also went to television making thisshow the longest running broadcast program in United States radio andtelevision history.
1941 - Pope Pius XII elevates the Apostolic Vicariate of the Hawaiian Islands to the dignity of a diocese. It becomes the Roman Catholic Diocese of Honolulu.
1942 - World War II: Thailand declares war on the United States and United Kingdom.
1945 - World War II: Battle of the Bulge ends.
1946 - The United Mine Workers rejoins the American Federation of Labor.
1949 - At the Hollywood Athletic Club the first Emmy Awards are presented.
1949 - The first Israeli election -- David Ben-Gurion becomes Prime Minister.
1955 - Soviet Union ends state of war with Germany.
1959 - Pope John XXIII proclaims upcoming Second Vatican Council.
1960 - The National Association of Broadcasters reacts to the Payola scandal by threatening fines for any disc jockeys who accepted money for playing particular records.
1961 - In Washington, D.C. John F. Kennedy delivers the first live presidential television news conference.
1971 - Charles Manson and three female "Family" members are found guilty of the 1969 Tate-LaBianca murders.
1971 - Idi Amin leads a coup deposing Milton Obote and becomes Uganda's president.
1971 - Himachal Pradesh becomes the 18th Indian state.
1981 - Jiang Qing, the widow of Mao Zedong, is sentenced to death.
1986 - The National Resistance Movement topple the government of Tito Okello in Uganda.
1990 - The Burns' Day storm hits northwestern Europe.
1990 - Honduras becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
1990 - Avianca Flight 52 crashes, killing 73 passengers.
1993 - Five people were shot outside CIA headquarters in Langley, Virginia resulting in two murders.
1994 - The Clementine space probe launches.
1995 - The Norwegian Rocket Incident: Russia almost launches a nuclear attack after it mistakes Black Brant XII, a Norwegian research rocket, for a US Trident missile.
1998 - During a historic visit to Cuba Pope John Paul II demands the release of political prisoners and political reforms while condemning US attempts to isolate the country.
1998 - Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) suicide attack on Sri Lanka's Temple of the Tooth, killing 8 people injuring 25 others.
1999 - A 6.0 Richter scale earthquake hits western Colombia killing at least 1,000.
2001 - A 50-year-old Douglas DC-3 crashes near Ciudad Bolivar, Venezuela killing 24.
2002 - Wikipedia switches to the new version of its software ("Phase II") aka Magnus Manske Day.
2004 - Opportunity rover (MER-B) lands on surface of Mars.
2005 - A stampede at the Mandher Devi temple in Mandhradevi in India kills at least 258.
2006 - Three independent observing campaigns announce the discovery of OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb through gravitational microlensing, the first cool rocky/icy extrasolar planet around a main-sequence star.

Births

750 - Leo IV the Khazar, Byzantine Emperor
1477 - Anna, Duchess of Brittany, wife of Charles VIII of France (d. 1514)
1509 - Giovanni Morone, Italian cardinal (d. 1580)
1615 - Govert Flinck, Dutch painter (d. 1660)
1627 - Robert Boyle, Irish chemist (d. 1691)
1634 - Gaspar Fagel, Dutch statesman (d. 1688)
1640 - William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Devonshire, English soldier and statesman (d. 1707)
1688 - Juraj JÃ¡noÅ¡Ãk, famous Slovak outlaw (d. 1713)
1736 - Joseph Louis Lagrange, Italian-born mathematician (d. 1813)
1741 - Benedict Arnold, American general notorious for treason (d. 1801)
1739 - Charles FranÃ§ois Dumouriez, French general (d. 1823)
1759 - Robert Burns, Scottish poet (d. 1796)
1794 - FranÃ§ois-Vincent Raspail, French chemist (d. 1878)
1796 - William MacGillivray, Scottish naturalist and ornithologist (d. 1852)
1825 - George Pickett, American Confederate General (d. 1875)
1841 - Jackie Fisher, British First Sea Lord (d. 1920)
1858 - Kokichi Mikimoto, Japanese pearl farm pioneer (d. 1954)
1860 - Charles Curtis, 31st Vice President of the United States (d. 1936)
1864 - Julije Kempf, Croatian historian and writer (d. 1934)
1874 - W. Somerset Maugham, English writer (d. 1965)
1878 - Ernst Alexanderson, Swedish-born television pioneer (d. 1975)
1882 - Virginia Woolf, English writer (d. 1941)
1882 - Jonathan Carter, Author of "O to be Me. The JC Story" (d. TBA)
1885 - Kitahara Hakushū, Japanese poets and children's writers (d. 1942)
1886 - Wilhelm FurtwÃ¤ngler, German conductor (d. 1954)
1899 - Paul-Henri Spaak, Belgian politician (d. 1972)
1900 - Theodosius Dobzhansky, Ukrainian-American geneticist and biologist (d. 1975)
1900 - Yojiro Ishizaka, Japanese writer (d. 1986)
1901 - Martin De Alzaga, Argentine racing driver (d. 1982)
1905 - Maurice Roy, French Canadian Roman Catholic cardinal, archbishop of Quebec (d. 1985)
1913 - Witold Lutosławski, Polish composer (d. 1994)
1913 - Luis Marden, American photojournalist (d. 2003)
1916 - Frank "Pop" Ivy, American and Canadian football coach (d. 2003)
1917 - Ilya Prigogine, Russian scientist Nobel Laureate (d. 2003)
1917 - JÃ¢nio Quadros, Brazilian politician (d. 1992)
1918 - Ernie Harwell, American baseball sportscaster
1919 - Edwin Newman, American journalist and writer
1923 - Rusty Draper, American country and pop singer (d. 2003)
1923 - Shirley Mason, American psychiatric patient (Commonly known as "Sybil") (d. 1998)
1924 - Lou Groza, American football player (d. 2000)
1925 - Giorgos Zampetas, Greek musician and songwriter (d. 1992)
1927 - Antonio Carlos Jobim, Brazilian musician (d. 1994)
1928 - Eduard Shevardnadze, President of Georgia
1928 - JÃ©rÃ´me Choquette, Quebec lawyer and politician
1929 - Benny Golson, American jazz musician
1930 - Tanya Savicheva, Russian diarist (d. 1944)
1931 - Dean Jones, American actor
1933 - Corazon Aquino, President of the Philippines
1936 - Diana Hyland, American actress (d. 1977)
1937 - Ange-FÃ©lix PatassÃ©, President of the Central African Republic
1937 - Judith Ann Mayotte, American humanitarian, author.
1938 - Shotaro Ishinomori, Japanese manga author (d. 1998)
1938 - Leiji Matsumoto, Japanese creator of anime.
1938 - Etta James, American singer
1938 - Vladimir Vysotsky, Russian poet (d. 1980)
1939 - Gabriel Romanus, Swedish politician
1941 - Buddy Baker, American race car driver
1941 - Gregory Sierra, American actor
1942 - Carl Eller, American football player
1942 - EusÃ©bio, Portuguese footballer
1943 - Tobe Hooper, American film director
1944 - Anita Pallenberg, Italian model
1945 - Leigh Taylor-Young, American actress
1947 - TostÃ£o, Brazilian footballer
1947 - Ãngel Nieto, Spanish motorcycle racer
1949 - John Cooper Clarke, English punk-poet
1949 - Paul Nurse, English biochemist, Nobel Laureate
1951 - Steve Prefontaine, American runner (d. 1975)
1952 - Timothy White, American journalist (d. 2002)
1953 - The Honky Tonk Man, American professional wrestler
1953 - Mark Weil, Uzbek theatre director (d. 2007)
1954 - Ricardo Bochini, Argentinian footballer
1954 - Richard Finch, American bass player (KC and the Sunshine Band)
1954 - Kim Gandy, American feminist
1955 - Terry Chimes, English musician (The Clash)
1956 - Andy Cox, English musician (The Beat, Fine Young Cannibals)
1957 - Jenifer Lewis, American actress
1957 - Eskil Erlandsson, Swedish politician
1957 - Andrew P. Harris, American politician
1958 - Dinah Manoff, American actress
1961 - Vivian Balakrishnan, Singaporean politician
1961 - Willie Revillame, Filipino game show host and comedian
1962 - Chris Chelios, American ice hockey player
1965 - Esa Tikkanen, Finnish ice hockey player
1967 - Randy McKay, Canadian ice hockey player
1969 - Kina, American singer
1971 - Luca Badoer, Italian race car driver
1971 - China Kantner, American actress
1971 - Ana Ortiz, American actress and singer
1973 - Geoff Johns, American comic book writer
1973 - Chris Guy, American professional wrestler
1975 - Mia Kirshner, Canadian actress
1975 - Tim Montgomery, American athlete
1975 - Dat Phan, Stand up comedian
1976 - Mario Haberfeld, Brazilian racing car driver
1978 - Denis Menchov, Russian cyclist
1978 - Jason Roberts, English-born footballer
1978 - Derrick Turnbow, American baseball player
1979 - Pi Hongyan, French badminton player
1979 - Gabe Jennings, American distance runner
1979 - Rodrigo Ribeiro, Brazilian racing driver
1980 - Michelle McCool, American professional wrestler
1980 - Xavi, Catalan Spanish footballer
1980 - Efstathios Tavlaridis, Greek footballer
1981 - Tose Proeski, Macedonian Singer
1981 - Francis Jeffers, English footballer
1981 - Alicia Keys, American singer
1982 - Sho Sakurai, Japanese singer and actor
1982 - The-Dream, singer
1983 - AndrÃ©e Watters, Canadian singer
1984 - Robinho, Brazilian footballer
1985 - Tina Karol, Ukrainian singer
1986 - Chris O'Grady, English footballer
1986 - Shahriar Nafees, Bangladeshi cricketer
1987 - Maria Kirilenko, Russian tennis player
1988 - Tatiana Golovin, French tennis player

Deaths

389 - Gregory Nazianzus, theologian and Patriarch of Constantinople (b. 329)
477 - Geiseric, King of the Vandals and Alans
844 - Pope Gregory IV
1067 - Emperor Yingzong of China (b. 1032)
1366 - Henry Suso, German mystic
1431 - Charles II, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1364)
1494 - King Ferdinand I of Naples (b. 1423)
1559 - King Christian II of Denmark, Sweden and Norway (b. 1481)
1573 - Hirate Hirohide, Japanese samurai (b. 1553)
1586 - Lucas Cranach the Younger, German painter (b. 1515)
1640 - Robert Burton, English scholar (b. 1577)
1670 - Nicholas II, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1612)
1726 - Guillaume Delisle, French cartographer (b. 1675)
1733 - Gilbert Heathcote, Mayor of London (b. 1652)
1751 - Paul Dudley, Attorney-General of Massachusetts (b. 1675)
1852 - Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen, Russian explorer (b. 1778)
1881 - Konstantin Thon, Russian architect (b. 1794)
1908 - Mikhail Chigorin, Russian chess player (b. 1850)
1908 - Ouida, English writer (b. 1839)
1912 - Dmitry Milyutin, Russian Field Marshal (b. 1816)
1925 - Ivan Vucetic, Croatian anthropologist (b. 1858)
1940 - Elias Simojoki, Finnish clergyman and politician (b. 1899)
1947 - Al Capone, American gangster (b. 1899)
1949 - Makino Nobuaki, Japanese statesman　(b. 1861)
1957 - Kiyoshi Shiga, Japanese physician and bacteriologist (b. 1871)
1957 - Ichizo Kobayashi, Japanese industrialist and Minister of Commerce and Industry (b. 1873)
1963 - Wilson Kettle, Guinness World Record holder for most living descendants (b. 1860)
1969 - Irene Castle, English dancer (b. 1887)
1970 - Jane Bathori, French mezzo-soprano (b. 1877)
1970 - Eiji Tsuburaya, Founder of Tsuburaya Productions, creator of Ultraman (b. 1901)
1972 - Erhard Milch, German field marshal (b. 1892)
1975 - Charlotte Whitton, Canadian politician, mayor of Ottawa (b. 1896)
1976 - Chris Kenner, American singer and songwriter (b. 1929)
1980 - Queenie Watts, English actress (b. 1926)
1981 - Adele Astaire, American dancer (b. 1897)
1982 - Mikhail Suslov, Soviet politician (b. 1902)
1990 - Ava Gardner, American actress (b. 1922)
1994 - Stephen Cole Kleene, American mathematician (b. 1909)
1995 - Cal Jammer, American actor (b. 1960)
1996 - Jonathan Larson, American composer (b. 1960)
1999 - Sarah "Sadie" Delany, American author (b. 1889)
1999 - Ted Mallie, American radio and television announcer (b. 1924)
1999 - Robert Shaw, American conductor (b. 1916)
2003 - Samuel Weems, Arkansas judge (b. 1936)
2004 - Fanny Blankers-Koen, Dutch athlete (b. 1918)
2005 - Stanisław Albinowski, Polish economist and journalist (b. 1923)
2005 - William Augustus Bootle, American judge (b. 1902)
2005 - Philip Johnson, American architect (b. 1906)
2005 - Ray Peterson, American singer (b. 1935)
2005 - Nettie Witziers-Timmer, Dutch athlete (b. 1923)
2006 - Anna Malle, adult film star (b. 1967)

Holidays and Observances

Feast of the Conversion of Saint Paul celebrated by the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Roman Catholic, Anglican and Lutheran churches, which concludes the Week of Prayer for Christian Unity,
Eastern (Byzantine) Catholic Church: Feast of Gregory the Theologian, Archbishop of Constantinople
Christian ecumenism â€” Week of Prayer for Christian Unity ends.
Burns Night - Burns suppers are held in many parts of the world around this date. (Originated in Scotland)
Criminon Day- Commemorates the 1970 founding of Criminon, a program which seeks torehabilitate prisoners by disseminating free copies ofScientology-related materials such as The Way to Happiness.
Roman Empire - second day of the Sementivae in honour of Ceres and Terra
St. Dwynwen's Day - Welsh celebration of love Diwrnod Santes Dwynwen.
Tatiana Day, celebrated as the Day of Russian students since 1755, when the Moscow University was founded